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cabinet - n. a group of ministers that helps lead a government

call - v. to give a name to ("I call myself John."); to ask for or request ("They called for an end to the fighting.")  

calm - ad. quiet; peaceful; opposite tense 

camera - n. a device for taking pictures 

camp - n. a place with temporary housing 

campaign - n. a competition by opposing political candidates seeking support from voters; a connected series of military actions during a war 

can - v. to be able to; to have the right to; n. a container used to hold liquid or food, usually made of metal 

cancel - v. to end; to stop 

cancer - n. a disease in which dangerous cells grow quickly and destroy parts of the body 

candidate - n. a person who seeks or is nominated for an office or an honor 

capital - n. the official center of a government; the city where a country's government is 

capitalism - n. an economic system in which the production of most goods and services is owned and operated for profit by private citizens or companies

capture - v. to make a person or animal a prisoner; to seize or take by force; to get control of

car - n. a vehicle with wheels used to carry people; an automobile; a part of a train 

care - v. to like; to protect; to feel worry or interest 

careful - ad. acting safely; with much thought 

carry - v. to take something or someone from one place to another 

case (court) - n. a legal action 

case (medical) - n. an incident of disease ("There was only one case of chicken pox at the school.") 

cat - n. a small animal that often lives with humans 

catch - v. to seize after a chase; to stop and seize with the hands 

cause - v. to make happen; n. the thing or person that produces a result 

ceasefire - n. a halt in fighting, usually by agreement 

celebrate - v. to honor a person or event with special activities 

center - n. the middle of something; the place in the middle; a place that is the main point of an activity 

century - n. one hundred years 

ceremony - n. an act or series of acts done in a special way established by tradition 

chairman - n. a person leading a meeting or an organized group 

champion - n. the best; the winner 

chance - n. a possibility of winning or losing or that something will happen 

change - v. to make different; to become different 

charge - v. to accuse someone of something, usually a crime; n. a statement in which someone is accused of something 

chase - v. to run or go after someone or something 

cheat - v. to get by a trick; to steal from 

cheer - v. to shout approval or praise 

chemicals - n. elements found in nature or made by people; substances used in the science of chemistry 

chemistry - n. the scientific study of substances, what they are made of, how they act under different conditions, and how they form other substances 

chief - n. the head or leader of a group; ad. leading; most important 

child - n. a baby; a boy or girl 

children - n. more than one child 

choose - v. to decide between two or more 

circle - n. a closed shape that has all its points equally distant from the center, like an "O" 

citizen - n. a person who is a member of a country by birth or by law 

city - n. any important large town 

civilian - ad. not military

civil rights - n. the political, economic and social rights given equally to all people of a nation

claim - v. to say something as a fact

clash - n. a battle; v. to fight or oppose

clean - v. to make pure; ad. free from dirt or harmful substances ("clean water") 

clear - ad. easy to see or see through; easily understood

clergy - n. a body of officials within a religious organization 

climate - n. the normal weather conditions of a place 

climb - v. to go up or down something by using the feet and sometimes the hands 

clock - n. a device that measures and shows time 

close - v. to make something not open; ad. near to 

cloth - n. a material made from plants, chemicals, animal hair and other substances 

clothes - n. what people wear 

cloud - n. a mass of fog high in the sky 

coal - n. a solid black substance used as fuel 

coalition - n. forces, groups or nations joined together 

coast - n. land on the edge of the ocean 

coffee - n. a drink made from the plant of the same name 

cold - ad. not warm; having or feeling great coolness or a low temperature 

collect - v. to bring or gather together in one place; to demand and receive ("collect taxes") 

college - n. a small university 

colony - n. land controlled by another country or government 

color - n. the different effects of light on the eye, making blue, red, brown, black, yellow and others 

combine - v. to mix or bring together 

come - v. to move toward; to arrive 

command - v. to order; to have power over something 

comment - v. to say something about; to express an opinion about something 

committee - n. a group of people given special work 

common - ad. usual; same for all ("a common purpose") 

communicate - v. to tell; to give or exchange information 

community - n. a group of people living together in one place or area 

company - n. a business organized for trade, industrial or other purposes 

compare - v. to examine what is different or similar 

compete - v. to try to do as well as, or better than, another or others 

complete - ad. having all parts; ended or finished 

complex - ad. of or having many parts that are difficult to understand; not simple 

compromise - n. the settlement of an argument where each side agrees to accept less than first demanded 

computer - n. an electronic machine for storing and organizing information, and for communicating with others 

concern - n. interest, worry ("express concern about"); v. to fear ("to be concerned") 

condemn - v. to say a person or action is wrong or bad 

condition - n. something declared necessary to complete an agreement; a person's health 

conference - n. a meeting 

confirm - v. to approve; to say that something is true 

conflict - n. a fight; a battle, especially a long one 

congratulate - v. to praise a person or to express pleasure for success or good luck 

Congress - n. the organization of people elected to make the laws of the United States (the House of Representatives and the Senate); a similar organization in other countries 

connect - v. to join one thing to another; to unite; to link 

conservative - n. one who usually supports tradition and opposes great change 

consider - v. to give thought to; to think about carefully 

constitution - n. the written general laws and ideas that form a nation's system of government 

contain - v. to hold; to include 

container - n. a box, bottle or can used to hold something 

continent - n. any of the seven great land areas of the world 

continue - v. to go on doing or being 

control - v. to direct; to have power over 

convention - n. a large meeting for a special purpose 

cook - v. to heat food before eating it 

cool - ad. almost cold 

cooperate - v. to act or work together 

copy - v. to make something exactly like another; n. something made to look exactly like another 

corn - n. a food grain 

correct - ad. true; free from mistakes; v. to change to what is right 

cost - n. the price or value of something ("The cost of the book is five dollars."); v. to be valued at ("The book costs five dollars.") 

cotton - n. a material made from a plant of the same name 

count - v. to speak or add numbers 

country - n. a nation; the territory of a nation; land away from cities 

court - n. where trials take place; where judges make decisions about law 

cover - v. to put something over a person or thing; n. anything that is put over a person or thing 

cow - n. a farm animal used for its milk 

crash - v. to fall violently; to hit with great force 

create - v. to make; to give life or form to 

creature - n. any living being; any animal or human 

credit - n. an agreement that payments will be made at a later time 

crew - n. a group of people working together 

crime - n. an act that violates a law 

criminal - n. a person who is responsible for a crime 

crisis - n. an extremely important time when something may become much better or worse; a dangerous situation 

criticize - v. to say what is wrong with something or someone; to condemn; to judge  crops - n. plants that are grown and gathered for food, such as grains, fruits and vegetables 

cross - v. to go from one side to another; to go across 

crowd - n. a large number of people gathered in one place 

crush - v. to damage or destroy by great weight; to defeat completely 

cry - v. to express or show sorrow or pain 

culture - n. all the beliefs, traditions and arts of a group or population 

cure - v. to improve health; to make well ("The doctor can cure the disease."); n. something that makes a sick person well ("Antibiotics are a cure for infection.") 

curfew - n. an order to people to stay off the streets or to close their businesses 

current - n. movement of air, water or electricity; ad. belonging to the present time ("She found the report in a current publication.") 

custom - n. a long-established belief or activity of a people 

customs - n. taxes on imports 

cut - v. to divide or injure with a sharp tool; to make less; to reduce

D 字头
dam - n. a wall built across a river to hold back flowing water

damage - v. to cause injury or destruction; n. harm; hurt or injury, usually to things 

dance - v. to move the body and feet to music; n. a series of steps, usually to music 

danger - n. a strong chance of suffering injury, damage or loss 

dark - ad. having little or no light ("The room was dark.") 

date - n. an expression of time; a day, month and year 

daughter - n. a person's female child 

day - n. twenty-four hours; the hours of sunlight 

dead - ad. not living 

deaf - ad. not able to hear 

deal - v. to have to do with ("The talks will deal with the problem of pollution."); to buy or sell ("Her company deals in plastic.") 

debate - v. to argue for or against something; n. a public discussion or argument 

debt - n. something that is owed; the condition of owing 

decide - v. to choose; to settle; to judge 

declare - v. to say; to make a statement 

decrease - v. to make less in size or amount 

deep - ad. going far down; a long way from top to bottom 

defeat - v. to cause to lose in a battle or struggle; n. a loss; the condition of having lost 

defend - v. to guard or fight against attack; to protect 

deficit - n. a shortage that results when spending is greater than earnings, or imports are greater than exports 

define - v. to give the meaning of; to explain 

degree - n. a measure of temperature 

delay - v. to decide to do something at a later time; to postpone; to cause to be late 

delegate - n. one sent to act for another; one who represents another 

demand - v. to ask by ordering; to ask with force 

democracy - n. the system of government in which citizens vote to choose leaders or to make other important decisions 

demonstrate - v. to make a public show of opinions or feelings ("The crowd demonstrated in support of human rights."); to explain by using examples ("The teacher demonstrated the idea with an experiment.") 

denounce - v. to accuse of being wrong or evil; to criticize severely 

deny - v. to declare that something is not true; to refuse a request 

depend - v. to need help and support 

deplore - v. to regret strongly; to express sadness 

deploy - v. to move forces or weapons into positions for action 

depression - n. severe unhappiness; a period of reduced business and economic activity during which many people lose their jobs 

describe - v. to give a word picture of something; to give details of something 

desert - n. a dry area of land 

design - v. to plan or create plans for 

desire - v. to want very much; to wish for 

destroy - v. to break into pieces; to end the existence of 

detail - n. a small part of something; a small piece of information 

develop - v. to grow; to create; to experience progress 

device - n. a piece of equipment made for a special purpose 

dictator - n. a ruler with complete power 

die - v. to become dead; to stop living; to end 

diet - n. usual daily food and drink 

different - ad. not the same 

difficult - ad. not easy; hard to do, make or carry out 

dig - v. to make a hole in the ground 

dinner - n. the main amount of food eaten at a usual time ("The family had its dinner at noon."); a special event that includes food ("The official dinner took place at the White House.") 

diplomat - n. a person who represents his or her government in dealing with another government 

direct - v. to lead; to aim or show the way ("He directed me to the theater."); ad. straight to something; not through some other person or thing ("The path is direct.") 

direction - n. the way (east, west, north, south); where someone or something came from or went to 

dirt - n. earth or soil 

disappear - v. to become unseen; to no longer exist 

disarm - v. to take away weapons; to no longer keep weapons; to make a bomb harmless by removing its exploding device 

discover - v. to find or learn something 

discuss - v. to talk about; to exchange ideas 

disease - n. a sickness in living things, often caused by 
viruses, germs or bacteria 

dismiss - v. to send away; to refuse to consider 

dispute - v. to oppose strongly by argument; n. an angry debate 

dissident - n. a person who strongly disagrees with his or her government 

distance - n. the amount of space between two places or objects ("The distance from my house to your house is two kilometers.") 

dive - v. to jump into water head first 

divide - v. to separate into two or more parts 

do - v. to act; to make an effort 

doctor - n. a person trained in medicine to treat sick people 

document - n. an official piece of paper with facts written on it, used as proof or support of something 

dog - n. a small animal that often lives with humans 

dollar - n. United States money, one hundred cents 

door - n. an opening for entering or leaving a building or room 

down - ad. from higher to lower; in a low place 

dream - v. to have a picture or story in the mind during sleep; n. a picture or story in the mind during sleep; a happy idea about the future 

drink - v. to take liquid into the body through the mouth 

drive - v. to control a moving vehicle 

drop - v. to fall or let fall; to go lower 

drown - v. to die under water 

drug - n. anything used as a medicine or in making medicine; a chemical substance used to ease pain or to affect the mind 

dry - ad. not wet; without rain 

during - ad. through the whole time; while (something is happening) 

dust - n. pieces of matter so small that they can float in the air 

duty - n. one's job or responsibility; what one must do because it is right and just